Complete Guide to Extending Your Wi-Fi Network

• Extending your Wi-Fi network can expand your coverage area, improve your Wi-Fi speeds, and extend the life of your older router hardware.
• Before investing in additional hardware, ensure your current router is centrally positioned in your home without obstructions, as this simple adjustment can significantly improve Wi-Fi coverage.
• Choose your Wi-Fi extension device (repeaters, access points, powerline adapters, and mesh networks) based on your specific needs and budget.

It’s frustrating when your connection doesn’t work as well as it should. Ideally, Wi-Fi setup should be “set it and forget it.” But all too often, people are left struggling with that one dead zone in the upstairs bedroom.

There are many reasons why you may be experiencing less-than-stellar wireless performance in your home (and we’ll get into them below). But before you jump to conclusions, it’s worthwhile to ask yourself whether you need to extend your network in the first place.

Do I Need to Extend My Wi-Fi Signal?

You may be tempted to rush out and buy a product promising you better Wi-Fi coverage, but that’s not necessarily the best approach. Sometimes, the solution can be as simple as changing up where your router is located within your home.

That said, if your router is in a central position already or you can’t move it from where it is, there are a number of products you can use to help deliver a solid connection where you need it.

In this guide, we’ll take a look at the popular types of devices meant for extending your home Wi-Fi network. We’ll also look at some of the most common coverage issues that come up as well as how to fix them.

How to Extend Wi-Fi Range

There are a variety of different signal issues that can come up when trying to provide wireless coverage to your entire home.

A few things that can cause Wi-Fi signal issues include:

• Drywall: Drywall can degrade a wireless signal quite quickly, especially if the signal has to pass through extra insulation and piping, such as a wall shared by a bathroom. Ensure that your router is in a central location that’s not blocked by too many walls and objects. If you’re still experiencing signal degradation, a repeater isn’t likely to solve things.You’ll need to set up a dedicated access point in the trouble spot, or go big and install a whole-home mesh network.
  

  The fix: install a wired access point or mesh network.

• Outdoor access: One of the most common issues with extending a wireless connection to a backyard area is that exterior walls are heavily insulated. This insulation can wreak havoc on even the most solid wireless signals, weakening them and preventing them from reaching where you need them to.You’ll need a wired access point or mesh node to provide quality coverage outside. If your home isn’t wired in advance for ethernet on the exterior, you can use a powerline adapter here as well.
  

  The fix: install an access point or mesh node outside.

• Irregular floor plan: Some homes feature unique floor plans or unconventional features — all of which may serve to weaken your wireless connection significantly compared to a more traditional layout.
  In most cases, this is exactly where a mesh network can be most useful, allowing you to spread apart nodes that all provide direct access to your network. It may cost more than alternative solutions, but for larger homes, the investment will likely be worthwhile.

  The fix: set up a whole-home mesh network.

• Old hardware: Older Wi-Fi routers and modems have lower speed capacities than newer equipment. If your internet plan provides 200 Mbps but your equipment’s max is 100 Mbps, your normal internet speed will only be half of what you pay for. Consider upgrading your equipment and ensuring its firmware is up to date. Check this on a regular basis; updates often include speed upgrades.
  

  The fix: upgrade router/modem for improved range and reliability and check for firmware updates.

Understanding the Various Types of Wi-Fi Extension

There are many different types of Wi-Fi extension products on the market, and not all of them are made equally. You’ll see terms like extender, repeater, and booster used interchangeably.

All of these types of products are meant to do the same thing: make strong Wi-Fi available in more of your house. However, they aren’t the only way to extend and bolster your existing connection (or replace it entirely). Let’s take a closer look at four types of Wi-Fi extension devices below.

What Is a Wi-Fi Extender or Repeater?

These types of products are some of the most common you will find in retail stores and online. Though they go by different names, their function is the same: take in an existing wireless signal and repeat or “boost” it outwards, ideally to an area of your home not properly covered by the initial signal.

Do Wi-Fi Repeaters Work?

Although this may sound like exactly what you’re looking for, Wi-Fi repeaters have several practical limitations that make them a less attractive option. Firstly, these devices can only “put out” what they take in, meaning that a weak signal in = a weak signal out. You’ll have to position these close enough to your home router that it still gets a quality signal, which may be difficult depending on your home layout.

Even if positioned properly, it’s important to realize that each and every person or device connected to your wireless network shaves off a slice of its total bandwidth. This holds true for a Wi-Fi repeater, which means that you’ll be receiving a lower speed by default when connecting to your new, extended network. In some situations, this may not be too much of an issue, but in homes with many users or connected devices, it can ultimately mean disappointingly slow performance.

Bottom Line: a repeater can help you shore up your Wi-Fi coverage but may slow you down if your connection isn’t great to begin with.

Wi-Fi Access Point

A Wi-Fi access point functions nearly identically to an extender or repeater, in that it provides a wireless connection outward to a new area of your home. The main difference is that an access point relies on a hardwired connection to your network as opposed to simply repeating an existing wireless signal. In almost any circumstance, this will result in dramatically improved performance over a more conventional wireless extender.

Of course, this doesn’t mean that it’s the right solution for everyone. A wireless access point requires that you have an ethernet port wired into the wall to plug into in order to feed back into your main home network. You can get around this by using a powerline adapter (see below), but this will only make things more expensive by adding in more hardware. In addition, they can often be more expensive than their wireless counterparts, making them less ideal for a quick and dirty fix. Still, if you’re looking to deliver the best speeds consistently throughout your home, a dedicated access point is an excellent idea.

Bottom Line: an access point is the ideal solution for most Wi-Fi coverage issues if you have the wiring for it (or use a powerline adapter).

Wi-Fi Powerline Adapter

Powerline adapters are a type of Wi-Fi access point that allow you to transmit a wired ethernet connection through your home’s standard power outlets. This allows for a high-speed connection to the internet just about anywhere you have an outlet in your home. For those living in multi-story properties where cutting in new cables is prohibitively expensive (or even impossible), this can be an excellent solution for providing quality internet access to hard-to-reach rooms.

It’s important to note that this on its own usually does nothing to actually extend an existing wireless network. Instead, it simply allows you to achieve a hardwired connection in rooms that otherwise aren’t wired for ethernet. You’ll still need to pair this with something else, such as the above-mentioned repeater or access point, in order to bolster your actual wireless reception area.

Having said that, some newer devices feature built-in access points that do provide this functionality for an additional cost. Finally, most products will only work if the outlets are on the same circuit, though this depends greatly on how your individual home is wired.

Bottom Line: a powerline adaptor can bring wired internet access to almost any room in your home, but most won’t expand your Wi-Fi coverage on their own. Actual performance can be reduced in homes with older electrical wiring.

What Is a Mesh Network?

Mesh networks can be easily thought of as a series of access points spread throughout your home working together to create a “mesh” of connections, though this isn’t entirely accurate from a technical point of view. All the same, this is essentially how a mesh network functions: a number of “nodes” provide distributed internet access across a large area. In fact, similar mesh networks have been used to cover whole cities, and even entire swaths of a country, in some situations.

Up until recently, mesh networks have required some fairly advanced networking knowledge to set up properly, but new consumer-level products such as Google Wi-Fi and Plume have begun to streamline the entire experience, making it practically effortless to be up and running in minutes.

However, these types of solutions are far and away the most expensive in this guide, with many of these products running in excess of $200. What’s more, a mesh network may be complete overkill for your needs, and likely is if you’re just looking to plug a few holes in your network.

Bottom Line: mesh networks are the most robust form of Wi-Fi extension out there, but they come at a cost. They are the easiest to install for non-technical customers.

If You Aren’t Happy With Your Wi-Fi Coverage at Home, Start With the Basics

Getting a solid wireless connection to every corner of your home can be a real challenge. The solutions above can help you get there, but don’t forget about the fundamentals, especially if you just have a few blind spots to contend with. Remember that router positioning is key; always try and place your equipment in the most centrally-located spot available. Once you’ve optimized the position and things still aren’t where you want them to be performance-wise, then you can use the information presented above to formulate your next steps. See our guide to Wi-Fi troubleshooting if you’re having basic problems with your router.